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Excess flow valves offer safety at moderate expense. C.D. McGowan. Pipeline Gas J., August 1995, 222(8), 43--47.

The evolution of excess flow valves (EFV) to improve the safety of natural gas distribution lines is discussed. The EFV should be installed as close to the main line service tee as possible and a typical design is described and illustrated. The valves are designed to sense pressure drop and excess flow and they provide instantaneous shut-off. Effects of recent legislative action on EFV development are discussed. Automatic reset valves are available but are not considered essential in service lines. It is reported that about 1000 EFVs are activated annually in response to third-party damage.
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