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Frontier between adsorption and precipitation of polyacryllic acid on calcium carbonate. C. Geffroy et al. Rev. Inst. Francais Petrole, March-April 1997, 52(2), 183--190.

Details are given of adsorption experiments using a dialysis membrane to separate the solid particles from the solution. It has been established that in some circumstances, depending on the relative amount of calcite, calcium ions and polyelectrolyte, precipitation takes place rather than adsorption. Especially in the case at low polymer concentration---less than 2 g/l. From the results which are presented and discussed, it is concluded that in the presence of divalent ions, the surface binding of the polyelectrolyte results from precipitation rather than an adsorption phenomenon.

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