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Improve VOC emissions predictions. J.H. Siegell. Hydrocarbon Processing, April 1997, 76(4), 119--121.

The importance of tracking refinery emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) is described. VOC emissions react with nitrogen oxides to form ozone, a regulated pollutant. Emission data for fugitives, tanks, and wastewater treating are reviewed for six different refineries. The distribution of VOC point sources is described and illustrated. The data show that tanks are the largest sources of VOC emissions, with vents also making a significant contribution. New methods for quantifying emissions re reviewed. These employ reduced wind speed for estimating rim-seal losses in floating roof tanks.
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