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Online optimization---what have we learned? D.C. White. Hydrocarbon Processing, June 1998, 77(6), 55--59.

Knowledge gained in online optimization of 250 commercial systems is reviewed. Some of the problems encountered are discussed. They include high disturbance frequency, inadequate optimization robustness, lack of model parameter updating, process instrumentation problems, an unreliable infrastructure, lack of unit feed information, and organizational disagreements on prices used. Effects of changing computer hardware, software, and environmental changes are reviewed. Advice is given on how to avoid problems and six steps in an initial feasibility study are listed. The design and proper use of software tools is described. 4 refs.

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